{"id":819,"date":"2021-03-17T14:31:18","date_gmt":"2021-03-17T11:31:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yazhukuk.com\/?p=819"},"modified":"2021-03-17T14:32:03","modified_gmt":"2021-03-17T11:32:03","slug":"makaleler-beyaz-yakalilar-icin-is-hukuku-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yazhukuk.com\/?p=819","title":{"rendered":"Beyaz Yakal\u0131lar \u0130\u00e7in \u0130\u015f Hukuku- V"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015fverence \u00d6denen E\u011fitim Giderlerinin \u0130adesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n yetkinliklerini art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 e\u011fitimlerin say\u0131s\u0131 giderek artmaktad\u0131r. Kimi hallerde bu e\u011fitimin \u00fccretini i\u015fveren \u00f6der ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u015ften ayr\u0131lmama taahh\u00fct\u00fc al\u0131r. Bu taahh\u00fct\u00fcn ihlali halinde e\u011fitim giderinin iade edilmesiyle birlikte, cezai \u015fart \u00f6denece\u011fi de d\u00fczenlenebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Taahh\u00fct\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 zorunludur. \u0130\u015fverenin iade ve cezai \u015fart taleplerinin kabul\u00fc i\u00e7inse, orant\u0131l\u0131l\u0131k ve tek tarafl\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131l\u0131r. Burada \u00f6nemli olan husus, e\u011fitim giderinin iadesi ve cezai \u015fart taleplerinin farkl\u0131 olmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6zle\u015fme d\u00fczenlenirken veya hukuki ihtilaflarda bu ayr\u0131ma dikkat edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

1. E\u011fitim giderinin iadesi tek tarafl\u0131 bir cezai \u015fart de\u011fildir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu md. 420 gere\u011fince, cezai \u015fart i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde tek tarafl\u0131 d\u00fczenlenemez. Yaln\u0131zca e\u011fitim masraflar\u0131n\u0131n iadesi ise tek tarafl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmemektedir. Zira burada i\u015fveren e\u011fitim sa\u011flamay\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan da belirli bir s\u00fcre o i\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 taahh\u00fct etti\u011finden, aslen kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 bir edim bulunmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fitim giderini a\u015fan tutardaki cezai \u015fart ise ba\u015fta tek tarafl\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere yasal denetime tabidir. S\u00f6zle\u015fmede d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131 cezai \u015fart\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erli k\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130\u015f\u00e7iye verilen e\u011fitim kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 belli bir s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ko\u015fuluna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan cezai \u015fart tek tarafl\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilemez. \u0130\u015f\u00e7iye verilen e\u011fitim bedeli kadar cezai \u015fart h\u00fckm\u00fc belirtilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erlidir \u2026 Mahkemece taahh\u00fctnamede kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan e\u011fitim-konaklama bedeli yan\u0131nda cezai \u015fart\u0131n da e\u011fitim gideri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu kabul edilerek sonuca gidilmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu kabul dosya kapsam\u0131na uygun d\u00fc\u015fmemektedir.\u201d1<\/p>\n

2. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fandan b\u00fct\u00fcn e\u011fitimin de\u011fil, yaln\u0131zca o \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u00e7in \u00f6denen \u00fccretin iadesi talep edilebilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Birden fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n e\u011fitimi i\u00e7in toplu \u00f6deme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise, kendisi i\u00e7in \u00f6denmi\u015f tutar\u0131n hesaplanarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fandan yaln\u0131zca bunun talep edilmesi gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 10 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u00e7in \u00f6denmi\u015f bir 50.000-TL var ise, tek bir ki\u015fiden 5.000-TL talep edilebilecektir.<\/p>\n

3. Giderin yaz\u0131l\u0131 delille ispatlanmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fverenin talep etti\u011fi gideri belgeli olarak ispat etmesi gerekir. Belge olmaks\u0131z\u0131n, yaln\u0131zca tan\u0131k beyan\u0131yla ispat m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, s\u00f6z konusu e\u011fitimle ilgili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenemeyen giderlerden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan sorumlu tutulamaz.<\/p>\n

4. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n e\u011fitim sonras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre, i\u015fverenin talebinden mahsup edilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, s\u00f6zle\u015fmede e\u011fitimden sonra 3 sene \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma taahh\u00fcd\u00fc varsa fakat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 1 sene sonra hakl\u0131 sebep olmaks\u0131z\u0131n istifa etmi\u015fse; e\u011fitim giderinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n iadesine h\u00fckmedilemez. Nitekim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, o e\u011fitimin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 1 senesini \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak \u00f6demi\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Toplam cezai \u015fart tutar\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreye g\u00f6re oranlama yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130\u015fverence i\u015f\u00e7i ad\u0131na yap\u0131lan e\u011fitim giderlerinin tamam\u0131 yerine, i\u015f\u00e7inin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken s\u00fcrelere g\u00f6re oran kurularak indirim yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kalan miktar\u0131n\u0131n tahsiline karar verilmesi gerekir.\u201d2<\/p>\n

5. Al\u0131nan e\u011fitimle verilen taahh\u00fct\u00fcn orant\u0131l\u0131 olmamas\u0131, taahh\u00fct\u00fc ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerindeki rekabet yasa\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcreli yasaklar hukuken ge\u00e7ersiz say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fitim giderleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden ise b\u00f6yle bir durum s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. Verilen e\u011fitimle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma taahh\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn orant\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131 halinde mahkeme, taahh\u00fct\u00fc t\u00fcm\u00fcyle ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz fakat oranlamaya tabi tutar.<\/p>\n

\u201cVerilen e\u011fitimin k\u0131sa ve yap\u0131lan masraf az olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmesi, a\u00e7\u0131k orans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi; verilen e\u011fitimin i\u015f\u00e7inin i\u015fine herhangi bir katk\u0131s\u0131 olmamas\u0131 durumunda da orans\u0131zl\u0131ktan bahsedilebilecektir. Orans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu bu gibi durumlarda h\u00e2kim, T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu gere\u011fince indirim yapmal\u0131 ya da e\u011fitim giderini \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmayan s\u00fcreye oranlayarak sonuca gitmelidir.\u201d<\/p>\n

6. E\u011fitim giderinin iadesi, hem belirli hem de belirsiz s\u00fcreli i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinde d\u00fczenlenebilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kararlar incelenirken, kimi durumlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n \u201cbelirsiz s\u00fcreli s\u00f6zle\u015fmede e\u011fitim giderinin iadesi talep edilemez\u201d \u015feklinde beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. E\u011fitim giderinin iadesinin s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin belirli ya da belirsiz s\u00fcreli olmas\u0131yla bir ilgisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Nitekim kendisinden e\u011fitim giderinin iadesi ve cezai \u015fart talep edilen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n \u201cbelirli s\u00fcreli s\u00f6zle\u015fmede cezai \u015fart istenemeyece\u011fi\u201d \u015feklindeki arg\u00fcman\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay nezdinde de kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.3<\/p>\n

7. \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda ald\u0131r\u0131lan e\u011fitimlerin \u00fccretleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan talep edilemez.<\/strong><\/p>\n

6331 sy. \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu\u2019nun 17. maddesinde, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara ald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu olan e\u011fitimler s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015f ve bu sorumluluk i\u015fverene y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir. Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda ald\u0131r\u0131lan e\u011fitimler i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlardan hi\u00e7bir \u00fccret, katk\u0131 pay\u0131, iade veya ba\u015fka herhangi bir \u00f6deme talep edilemez. Ayr\u0131ca, yine bu madde kapsam\u0131ndaki e\u011fitimlerde ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinden say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi taraflar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmeyi hakl\u0131 sebeple (derhal) fesih imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu t\u00fcrdeki s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler hukuken ge\u00e7ersiz olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hakl\u0131 sebep olmaks\u0131z\u0131n yap\u0131lacak fesihler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise kimi k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar d\u00fczenlenebilir. E\u011fitim sa\u011flanan ve niteli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131lan personele belirli bir s\u00fcre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zorunlulu\u011fu getirilmesi bunun tipik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Fakat bu zorunluluk elbette s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z olamaz.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitim giderlerinin iadesi d\u00fczenlemelerinde en \u00f6nemli husus, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 menfaat dengesinin kurulmas\u0131 ve bunun cezai \u015fartla olan ili\u015fkisinin do\u011fru kurulmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde dikkatsizce d\u00fczenlenen bir maddenin sonucunda, i\u015fverenin talebinin k\u0131smen veya tamamen reddi s\u00f6z konusu olur. Bu da i\u015fveren a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan beklenmeyen – fakat asl\u0131nda \u00f6nlenebilir olan – bir maliyet yaracakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

———————<\/p>\n

1 Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu, 2015\/9-2885 E. 2017\/2033 K.<\/p>\n

2 Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu, 2015\/9-2885 E. 2017\/2033 K.<\/p>\n

3 Yarg\u0131tay 9. Hukuk Dairesi, 2020\/2679 E. 2020\/10344 K.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015fverence \u00d6denen E\u011fitim Giderlerinin \u0130adesi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n yetkinliklerini art\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 e\u011fitimlerin say\u0131s\u0131 giderek artmaktad\u0131r. Kimi hallerde bu e\u011fitimin \u00fccretini i\u015fveren \u00f6der ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, belirli bir s\u00fcre i\u015ften ayr\u0131lmama taahh\u00fct\u00fc al\u0131r. Bu taahh\u00fct\u00fcn ihlali halinde e\u011fitim giderinin iade edilmesiyle birlikte, cezai \u015fart \u00f6denece\u011fi de d\u00fczenlenebilmektedir. Taahh\u00fct\u00fcn ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 zorunludur. \u0130\u015fverenin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":38637310,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[],"tags":[128063,128061],"class_list":["post-819","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-calisma-taahhutu","tag-egitim-giderleri"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t